U prirodnim uvjetima rasplodna učinkovitost kamelida je relativno niska, a fiziologija rasplodnje se razlikuje u usporedbi s drugim domaćim životinjama. Generacijski interval je relativno dug, jer mužjaci kasno spolno sazrijevaju, a ženke imaju produženu gestaciju u odnosu na ostale domaće preživače. Kamelidi su sezonski poliestrične životinje čija je sezona pod utjecajem raznih čimbenika. Tijekom rasplodne sezone primjećuje se stalan razvoj funkcionalnih folikularnih valova. Ženke imaju induciranu ovulaciju, a ovulacija se inducira parenjem. Jednogrbe deve se smatraju spolno zrelima u dobi od dvije godine, ali su rasplodno zrele u dobi s 3 - 4, a mužjaci u dobi od 4 - 5 godina. Alpake dosegnu spolnu zrelost u dobi od 12 - 14 mjeseci te se mogu pripustiti nakon 18 mjeseci, a mužjaci nakon 2 godine. Spolni ciklus u kamelida traje 2 - 3 tjedna, a estrus od 3 do 4 dana. Tijekom estrusa ženka je sposobna za pripust, odnosno umjetno osjemenjivanje, što pokazuje karakterističnim promjenama u ponašanju i izgledu vanjskih spolnih organa. Parenje se odvija u sjedećem stavu. Svaki ejakulat kamelida je malog volumena, ali velike viskoznosti i sadrži nisku koncentraciju spermija.; In natural conditions, the efficiency of breeding in camelids is relatively low. The reproductive physiology of camelids differs to that of other domestic animals. Generation intervals are relatively long as males are slow to sexually mature and females exhibit an extended gestation period in comparison to domestic ruminants. Camelids are seasonally polyoestrous animals whose seasonal reproduction is influenced by various factors. During the season, there is a steady development of functional follicular waves. Females are induced ovulators, where ovulation is induced by copulation. Dromedary camels are considered to be sexually mature at the age of 2 years but are capable of mating at 3 to 4 years, and males at 4 - 5 years. Alpacas are sexually mature within 12 - 14 months or capable of mating within 18 months, and males after 2 years. The sexual cycle lasts from 2 to 3 weeks and oestrus lasts from 3 - 4 days. During oestrus, the female is ready for mating/artificial insemination, and experiences changes in behaviour and characteristic changes to the reproductive organs. Mating is in sternal recumbency. The camelid ejaculate consists of low volume, high viscosity semen containing a low sperm concentration.