Učinkovitost skidera Ecotrac 55V pri privlačenju drva u planinskom području Bosne i Hercegovine / Jelena Knežević, Jusuf Musić, Velid Halilović, Marijan Šušnjar, Muhamed Bajrić.
Sažetak

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja učinkovitosti skidera Ecotrac 55V. Istraživanje je provedeno u šumskom odjelu 89, gospodarska jedinica »Igman«, uz primjenu studija rada i vremena. Trajanje radnoga vremena ustanovljeno je »povratnom« metodom snimanja. Ovisnost vremena trajanja radnih operacija o utjecajnim čimbenicima utvrđena je uz primjenu višestruke regresijske analize. Primijenjena je sortimentna metoda izrade drva. Snimljeni su ovi utjecajni čimbenici: stanje traktorskoga puta (podloge), udaljenost privlačenja drva skiderom, udaljenost privitlavanja drva, broj komada u tovaru, obujam tovara i uzdužni nagib traktorskoga puta. Udio operativnoga vremena u ukupnom radnom vremenu iznosi 38,75 %, a udio vremena prekida rada 37,56 %. Norme vremena i učinka izražene su u ovisnosti o udaljenosti privlačenja, dok su za ostale utjecajne čimbenike korištene prosječne vrijednosti. Utvrđena je norma vremena u iznosu od 8,34 min/m3 za udaljenost privlačenja od 100 m, odnosno 17,65 min/m3 za 900 m. Učinak se traktora kreće u intervalu od 57,58 m3/radnom danu za udaljenost privlačenja od 100 m do 27,20 m3/radnom danu za 900 m. Analiza je pokazala da postoji mogućnost povećanja učinkovitosti primjenom bolje organizacije rada i smanjenjem udjela prekida rada u ukupnom radnom vremenu, osobito prekida iz organizacijskih i osobnih razloga (prekida zbog jela i prekida zbog odmora i osobnih potreba radnika).; This paper presents the research results of the Ecotrac 55V skidding productivity in mountainous area of forest compartment 89, Management Unit »Igman« in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The work and time study was applied. »Snap-back chronometry« method was used for the measurement of work category duration. Work organization at the research area was 1+1, driver and assistance worker. A skidder was used for the extraction of conifer wood (fir, Norway spruce and Scots pine). Assortment processing method was applied. The following influence factors were recorded: condition of the tractor road (surface), skidding distance, winching distance, number of pieces in the load, volume of the load and longitudinal inclination of the tractor road. The duration of work operation depending on influence factors was established by applying multiple regression analysis. Total work time was divided into productive work time and delay time. The share of productive time in the total work time was 38.75 %, while the share of delay time was 37.56 %. The standard times and daily skidding outputs were expressed depending on the skidding distance, while average values were used for other influence factors. The standard time was between 8.34 min/m3 and 17.65 min/m3 for skidding distances from 100 m to 900 m. Daily skidding output was between 57.58 m3/day and 27.20 m3/day for skidding distances from 100 m to 900 m. It was found that there is a possibility of increasing skidder productivity by applying better work organization and reducing the share of delays in total work time, especially delays due to organizational and personal reasons (meal time and delays due to rest and personal needs of workers).